The Raptors in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India

  • Arockianathan SAMSON Governemnt Arts College, Udhagamandalam, The Nilgiris
  • Jabamalainathan Leona Princy Department of Zoology and Wildlife Biology, Government Arts College, Udhagamandalam 643002, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
  • Jasudass Beulahbah Department of Zoology and Wildlife Biology, Government Arts College, Udhagamandalam 643002, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
  • Jeyasubashini Regupathikannan Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India
  • Phillmon Smart Edward Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India
  • Nizamudheen Moinudheen Nilgiri Hills, Tamil Nadu 643001, India
Keywords: Birds of prey, Raptor species, Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, Long-term study, Bird Conservation

Abstract

The present checklist results from extensive long-term field observation from 2011 to 2022. Field observations were systematically conducted during the mornings (6:00 to 10:00) hr and in the evenings (16:00 to 18:00) hr every month from 2011 to 2022. The study recorded 58 species of raptor species, with 32 resident and 26 winter visitors, including nine globally threatened species: three Critically Endangered, two Endangered, four Vulnerable, and six Near Threatened. The presence of 58 raptor species, including seven vulture species, signifies the importance of the healthy ecosystem in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve.

References

Abhijeet R. 2018. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/india/checklist/S49316931 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Aditya R. 2022. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/checklist/S103799307 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Amsa A.M. 2017. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/checklist/S34415173 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Anderson D.L. 2001. Landscape heterogeneity and diurnal raptor diversity in Honduras: The Role of indigenous shifting cultivation. Biotropica 33:511–519.

Anoop N.R., Babu S., Bharathidasan S. and Nagarajan R. 2018. Status of raptors in the Moyar River Valley, Western Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 10(10):12317–12327

Arghya S. 2019. ebird checklist https://ebird.org/checklist/S62987113 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Ashwin V. 2023. ebird checklist https://ebird.org/india/checklist/S132745013 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Bildstein K.L., Schelsky W. and Zalles J. 1998. Conservation status of tropical raptors. Journal of Raptor Research, 32:3–18.

Bopanna P. 2011. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/checklist/S13335488 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Chandraseker S. 2021. ebird checklist https://ebird.org/india/checklist/S93527746 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Ferguson-lees J. and Christie D.A. 2005. Raptors of the World. Christopher Helm Publisher, London, 992pp.

Gajamohanraj D. 2020. A Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus from Moyar Valley, Masinagudi, Tamil Nadu. Indian BIRDS, 16(5):160–161.

Gajamohanraj D. 2020. A Griffon Vulture Gyps Fulvus from Moyar valley, Masinagudi, Tamil Nadu. Indian Birds, 16:160-161.

Gokula V. and Vijayan L. 1996. Birds of Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, India. Forktail, 12:143–152.

Kavin S.G. 2010. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/checklist/S42037999 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Keith L.B., Wendy S. and Zalles J. 1998. Conservation status of tropical raptors. Journal of Raptor Research, 52:3–18.

Manigandan S., Kannan P., Byju H., Bharathidasan S., Cimi T. and Ramakrishnan B. 2021. Death of a Himalayan Vulture in South India highlights the potential threat of power infrastructure. Vulture News, 80:20–22.

Manjunath D. 2021. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/checklist/S96575095 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Mohamed A. 2023. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/checklist/S131446881 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Naoroji R. 2006. Birds of Prey of the Indian Sub-continent. Om Books International, Uttar Pradesh, 690pp.

Nathanael P. 2023. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/checklist/S130719769 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Newton I. 1979. Population Ecology of Raptors. Buteo Books, Poyser Ltd., England, 399pp.

Padmanabhan N. 2019. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/india/checklist/S51756909 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Pearlstine E.V., Mazzotti F.J. and Kelly M.H. 2006. Relative distribution and abundance of wintering raptors in agricultural and wetland landscapes of South Florida. Journal of Raptor Research, 40:81– 85.

Primrose A.M. 1904. Birds observed in the Nilgiris and Wayanaad. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 16:163–166.

Redpath S.M. and Thirgood S.J. 1999. Numerical and functional responses in generalist predators: Hen harriers and peregrines on Scottish grouse moors. Journal of Animal Ecology, 68:879–892.

Roth T. and Weber D. 2008. Top predators as indicators for species richness? Prey species are just as useful. Journal of Applied Ecology, 45:987–991

Sahana M.2023. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/india/checklist/S128714096 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Samson A. and Ramakrishnan B. 2020.The Critically Endangered white-rumped vulture Gyps bengalensis in Sigur Plateau, Western Ghats, India: Population, breeding ecology, and threats. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 12 (13):16752–16763.

Samson A., Ramakrishnan B. Selvan V. and Manigandan S. 2019. Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, and its status in southern India. Indian Birds 15(3): 93-94.

Saranya S. 2021. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/checklist/S80022571 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Sergio F., Newton I., Marchesi L. and Pedrini P. 2006. Ecologically justified charisma: preservation of top predators delivers biodiversity conservation. Journal of Applied Ecology, 43:1049– 1055

Sevaraj R. 2017. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/checklist/S40282868 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Subash J. 2021. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/checklist/S79313680 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Thilip K. 2020. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/checklist/S64893318 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Thiollay J.M. 1989. Censusing of diurnal raptors in a primary rain forest: comparative methods and species detectability. Journal of Raptor Research, 23:72–84.

Thiollay J.M. 1992. A world review of tropical forest raptors. Current trends, research objectives and conservation strategy. Raptor conservation today. World Working Group on Birds of Prey, Berlin, Germany.

Thiollay J.M. 2006. The decline of Raptors in West Africa: Long-term assessment and the role of protected areas. Ibis, 148:240–254;

Thirumurthi S. and Balaji S. 1999. Raptors of Nilgiris - a preliminary survey. Newsletter for Birdwatchers, 39:8–10.

van Balan S. 1998. Tropical forest raptors in Indonesia: recent information on distribution, status and conservation. Journal of Raptor Research, 32:56–63.

Vasanthan P. 2011. eBird checklist https://ebird.org/checklist/S64999552 Assessed on 08 May 2023. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundances (web application). eBird, Ithaca, New York.

Zarri A.A., Rahmani A.R. and Senthilmurugan B. 2008. Birds of the upper Nilgiris Plateau, Western Ghats, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 105:181–185.

Zarri A.A., Rahmani A.R. and Senthilmurugan B. 2005. Annotated avifauna of the Upper Nilgiris,Western Ghats, TamilNuda, India. Buceros, 10(1):1–46.

Published
2024-06-29
How to Cite
SAMSON, A., Princy, J. L., Beulahbah, J., Regupathikannan, J., Edward, P. S., & Moinudheen, N. (2024). The Raptors in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India. Nepalese Journal of Zoology , 8(1), 63–70. https://doi.org/10.3126/njz.v8i1.67111